Glossary

Cryptography

Definition

What is Cryptography?

Cryptography is the practice of securing information by converting it into a format that is unreadable to unauthorized individuals, ensuring data confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. It involves the use of mathematical algorithms to transform plain text into encrypted text (ciphertext) and vice versa, using encryption and decryption processes.

Key concepts in cryptography include:

Encryption – The process of converting plaintext into ciphertext.

Decryption – The process of converting ciphertext back into readable plaintext.

Symmetric Encryption – The use of a single key for both encryption and decryption

Asymmetric Encryption – The use of a pair of keys – one public and one private – for encryption and decryption.

Digital Signatures – Ensure data authenticity and integrity by verifying the sender’s identity.

Hashing – Converts data into a fixed-size hash value to verify its integrity without the ability to reverse the process.

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