Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) is a high-performance logging mechanism built into the Windows operating system that enables the collection of detailed event data from various parts of the system.

It allows developers, system administrators, and security professionals to track events related to applications, system performance, network activity, and security.

This data can be used for debugging, performance analysis, system monitoring, and identifying security anomalies.

In cyber security, it can be leveraged as a security component to detect suspicious activity, such as unauthorized access attempts or malware behavior, providing valuable insights for threat detection and incident response.